The following is a list of all sources used by the author for the Battle of Manila Project. It will be updated as necessary during the research and writing.
Sources indicated in bold are new to the revisited project

Print Sources

1. American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur, 188-1964 - A biography of General Douglas MacArthur, useful for his perspective on the battle and its context

2. The Angels: A History Of The 11th Airborne Division, 1943-1946 - The official unit history of the 11th Airborne Division, this volume was useful in researching the Angels’ fight toward Manila and their subsequent operations against the Genko Line and southern Manila. (Internet Archive - https://archive.org/details/TheAngels11thAirborneDiv/mode/1up)

3. The Battle for Manila - A basic overview of the conflict with a more narrative approach.

4. The Battle for Manila: The Most Devastating Untold Story of World War II - One of the two most important books used for this project, this offers a detailed and objective account of the fighting as well as the Fall of the Philippines, Japanese occupation, and early Luzon Campaign.

5. Battle of Manila: Nadir of Japanese Barbarism - A short account of the battle, with a particular emphasis on the commanders.

6. Escape to Manila: From Nazi Tyranny to Japanese Terror - An autobiography of one of the Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany that found themselves caught in the massacre at Manila

7. Hero of Bataan: The Story of General Jonathan M. Wainwright - A biography of General Jonathan Wainwright, mainly of use for background context

8. Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan - A look inside Imperial Headquarters and the Emperor’s thoughts and actions regarding the campaign

9. The Pacific War: World War II and the Japanese - A Japanese history of the war in the Pacific

10. Rampage: MacArthur, Yamashita, and the Battle of Manila - The other main book used in this project, this is an excellent and highly detailed account of the Battle of Manila from both the perspective of the soldiers and civilians.

11. Retaking the Philippines: America’s Return to Corregidor and Bataan: October 1944-March 1945 - An account of the entire Philippine Campaign, as well as the Fall of the Philippines.

12. The Second World War: A Complete History - A general overview of the war in general on all fronts, used for general context information.

13. The War in the Pacific: Triumph in the Philippines - The official US Army history of the Philippine Campaign, providing detailed analysis from the American perspective. (Internet Archive - https://archive.org/details/triumphinphilipp00smit/mode/1up)

Online Sources

1. Reports of General MacArthur: The Campaigns of MacArthur in the Pacific - Transcribed official reports from General MacArthur’s headquarters during the war. Chapter IX, detailing the Luzon Campaign, was primarily used.

2. Luzon - A short US Government publication on the Luzon Campaign transcribed for online use.

3. Manila Nostalgia - An excellent blog with great information regarding the general history of Manila, particularly useful for background information about the city as it was before the battle.

4. BRIEFER: Massacres in the Battle of Manila - A listing of the massacres that took place in the Battle of Manila, with dates and casualty estimates.

Video Sources

1. Asian Stalingrad - Dr. Mark Felton produces excellent videos on a wide variety of historical topics, here providing a detailed account of the battle of Manila.

2. Battle of Manila - A documentary film made by the US Department of Defense in the late 1950s.

3. Liberation: Battle of Manila - Short documentary film made by the Philippine Government to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the battle.

Image Sources

1. US National Archives - Contains large numbers of photographs of Manila during the US/Commonwealth era.

2. Wikimedia Commons - Contains a vast number of photographs in an easily searchable format with clear licensing information.

3. Manowar’s Hungarian Weapons and History - Authorized source for the image of the Type 99 SS (“Last Ditch”) rifle. Also an excellent source for information on Hungarian firearms as well as a favorite place to add a rifle to the collection. *Image no longer used due to acquisition of a Type 99 SS in the reference collection

4. Nambu World - Authorized source of the image of the Type 97 Sniper’s Rifle, as well as the premier source of information on Japanese handguns and other weapons on the internet. Special thanks to Teri Jane Bryant for her assistance! *Image no longer used due to acquisition of a Type 97 in the reference collection

5. Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Muesum - An archive of relevant photographs exists on the website of the museum, regarding Truman’s military service in Manila as well as the post-war reconstruction of the city under his administration.

The above sources were utilized without any type of explicit authorization from their creators unless otherwise noted. This project is an original work using information gained from the above cited sources, images are in the public domain unless noted.